Cornea surgery involves a variety of surgical procedures that target the clear outer layer of the eye known as the cornea. One common type of cornea surgery involves replacing a damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy donor cornea, known as a corneal transplant or keratoplasty. This procedure is typically used to address conditions such as corneal scarring, keratoconus, and corneal dystrophies.

Another popular option for cornea surgery is laser-assisted refractive surgeries like PRK and LASIK. These procedures aim to correct refractive errors like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism by reshaping the cornea. The goal is to eliminate or reduce the need for prescription eyewear, resulting in clearer vision.

Cornea surgery also includes treatments like corneal cross-linking, which is used to strengthen a weak or thin cornea in cases of progressive keratoconus. This treatment involves applying riboflavin eye drops to the cornea and exposing it to ultraviolet light. Additionally, surgeries may be performed to address recurrent corneal erosions, where layers of the cornea are removed or replaced to alleviate symptoms and promote healing.

The primary objective of cornea surgery is to enhance corneal health, improve vision, and address specific conditions that affect the cornea. Ophthalmologists or corneal specialists typically perform these surgeries, as they have expertise in diagnosing and managing corneal diseases and disorders.